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MK-7 is made via fermentation by Bacillus subtilus natto. MK-7 (Menaquinone-7) is the bioactive form of vitamin K2 found naturally occurring in Natto. MK-7 is ten times better absorbed than K1 from spinach and is responsible for the carboxylation of specific bone proteins needed for building bones.

MK-7 is made via fermentation by Bacillus subtilus natto. MK-7 (Menaquinone-7) is the bioactive form of vitamin K2 found naturally occurring in Natto. MK-7 is ten times better absorbed than K1 from spinach and is responsible for the carboxylation of specific bone proteins needed for building bones.

Lithium is an important element that plays a significant role in healthy mental function, including mood, emotion, memory and behavior. Lithium is an essential micronutrient with some chemical properties similar to calcium and magnesium. It is present in all organs and tissues in the body. Lithium has a long history of clinical use for supporting healthy mood and behavior. Mechanisms for this involve promoting dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter activity. Lithium also plays a role in gene expression of natural detoxification enzymes in the brain, including glutathione-s-transferase (GST). This offers important neuron antioxidant protection, which may also contribute to healthy spatial memory. Lithium may support healthy brain receptor function and brain signaling cascades to maintain healthy mental function. N-acetyl-cysteine is a precursor to glutathione, the major antioxidant in the brain, and is added to this formula for enhanced protection of brain cell membranes.

Arginine supports nitric oxide formation, important for healthy dilation of blood vessels, circulation, and blood flow. In a prospective, double blind trial, l-arginine supplementation supported healthy endothelial function in blood vessels of male volunteers. In other studies, l-arginine promoted healthy platelet function and enhanced exercise tolerance. In men with low urinary nitric oxide values, l-arginine may support healthy sexual function. Some but not all research involving l-arginine supplementation for sperm motility has produced positive results. Arginine plays a role in the synthesis of hormones such as insulin and growth hormone, and has demonstrated the potential to support glucose metabolism and growth hormone production respectively. Because of its effect on nitric oxide production, l-arginine is theoretically best avoided by individuals with migraines, depression, autoimmune disorders, and kidney or liver disease. Arginine is contra-indicated for individuals with the herpes virus.

Acetyl-l-carnitine is the acetylated form of l-carnitine, and the two compounds share similar energy and metabolism promoting properties. Found naturally in the body, acetyl-l-carnitine supports the availability of acetyl-CoA, an important energy generating metabolite. In addition, it supports healthy mitochondrial function and cell membrane stability. The acetyl group from acetyl-l-carnitine is also responsible for production of acetylcholine, an important neurotransmitter for optimal mental functioning. The efficacy of long-term acetyl-l-carnitine supplementation was evaluated in a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial involving 130 elderly individuals for a one-year period. In this trial, acetyl-l-carnitine supported healthy cognitive function, memory and attention. In another randomized double blind study, three-month acetyl-l-carnitine supplementation provided statistically significant support for mental function, including memory and attention, compared to placebo. A multi-center trial of 481 volunteers indicated memory, behavioral and emotional support with acetyl-l-carnitine supplementation. In an evaluation of 28 elderly individuals using acetyl-l-carnitine or placebo, the supplemented group experienced enhanced emotional well-being.

GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a central role in regulating cell-to-cell communication. Healthy levels have been associated with positive mood. A recent study indicates that GABA also enhances alpha wave production in the brain to promote relaxation and moderate occasional stress. In the same study, it supported healthy IgA levels, suggesting that it may support immune health during occasional stress.

Carnosine is a dipeptide formed from two amino acids, beta-alanine and L-histidine, naturally found abundantly in brain and muscle tissues. Carnosine is one of the best known glycation agents the body naturally produces which offers supreme anti-aging support. Since carnosine is not available in a plant-based diet, this is a good choice for vegetarians and vegan.

A highly stable and bioavailable form of R-lipoic acid, with the potential for enhanced antioxidant protection and metabolic support.

Carnosine is a dipeptide formed from two amino acids, beta-alanine and L-histidine, naturally found abundantly in brain and muscle tissues. Carnosine is one of the best known glycation agents the body naturally produces which offers supreme anti-aging support. Since carnosine is not available in a plant-based diet, this is a good choice for vegetarians and vegan.

Vinpocetine supports healthy cognitive function while promoting healthy blood flow and oxygen utilization. Vinpocetine specifically helps distribute oxygen to cells.